Data Sheet A1610 Coil Driver IC Description Features The A1610, combined with an external NMOS, is used as a low loss driver for coils, relays or magnets. The integrated circuit includes a self protection of broken wires and short circuits on the input line. The chip overtemperature protection is adjusted from 80 to 150 C with an external resistor. Chip overtemperature and undervoltage errors are indicated on input IN. Voltage supply 8 to 45 V DC 5 V reference voltage output 12 V reference voltage output Quiescent current 1.5 mA Output peak current up to 100 mA Undervoltage lockout and power-on reset Overvoltage protection for the external NMOS Protection against reversed battery and EMC to -300 V Adjustable chip overtemperature protection Temperature range -40C to +150C Package SOP 18 A1610AT Die A1610AX Applications Driver for coils and relays Coil driver using A1610 Typical Application V DD 17 15 Input VDD IN 9 100n O5V C O5V 16 100n C DDC C OSC 18k R REF O12V OSC OVP IRCR OUT R PT INPT GNDD OD GNDA L D 2 11 3 Output M4 18 10 8 October 2000 1 VDDC 12 10n 30k A1610 14 alpha microelectronics gmbh Page 1/12 * CO5V 17 VDD 100nF VDD C DDC 100nF 16 VDDC 9 O5V D1 Stabilization 12V 250k VDD-Undervoltage Lockout 3V 15 IN Reference Regulator 5V 2,5V M1 O5V-Undervoltage Lockout 350k alpha microelectronics gmbh Status 14V Turn on / off Logic 9V 1 O12V Frequency Analyse 2 OVP O5V Frequency Divider 4:1 Driver 42V 50A/ 25A M4 8 50 Oscillator 50k Interference Suppression October 2000 RPT 18k OUT Error Logic Thermal Shutdown 10 INPT 11 IRCR 12 OSC RREF 30k COSC 3 M2 r OD 50 1,5nF 14 GNDA Enable Driver M3 15V 18 GNDD Functional Block Diagram Page 2/12 Block Diagram A 1610 Pin Definition Lead Definition Pin Symbol Designation 1 O12V Reference Voltage Output 12 V 2 OVP Overvoltage Protection Input for external N-Kanal Power MOSFET 3 OUT Output 8 OD Output Diode Temperature Sensor 9 O5V Reference Voltage Output 5 V 10 INPT Resistor RPT for Overtemperature Protection 11 IRCR Resistor RREF for Current Reference 12 OSC Capacitor COSC for Oscillator Frequency 14 GNDA GND-Analog 15 IN Input 16 VDDC Block Capacitor 17 VDD Supply Voltage 18 GNDD GND-Digital General function and description The A1610 combined with an external N-channel power MOSFET serves for the low loss control of electrical magnetic actuators like relays or magnets and similar kinds of coils. It is especially suitable in automotive applications. It is designed for a power supply range from 8 to 45 V. As protection against reverse polarity of the supply voltage the IC is supplied with an internal dumping diode D1 in the supply voltage connection (forward voltage approx. 0.6 V). The chip generates two internally stabilized voltages. There are a 5 V-voltage source for the digital logic and a 12 V-voltage source for the push-pull drivers. The chip realizes protection against undervoltage of VDD (VDD-Undervoltage Lockout), undervoltage of O5V (O5V-Undervoltage Lockout), overvoltage of VDS of the external transistor M4 and against overtemperature (Thermal Shutdown). The outputs of the Undervoltages Lockout of VDD and O5V are logical AND combined. VDD At start up of the supply voltage the output of VDD-Undervoltage Lockout switches to "High" at about VDD 7.6 V. If the voltage VO5V rises to the switching threshold at 4 V, the "power on reset" of the logic will finish and the output of the O5V-Undervoltage Lockout goes to "High". The output of the Error Logic switches to "High" if no overtemperature is detected. Concurrent the dynamic input will be released and triggers the Enable Driver for the push pull drivers. The output of the Error Logic switches to "Low", if the supply voltage VDD decreases under a value of 7 V. The Output OUT and the input IN switch to "Low" and the logic enables power on reset. The undervoltage detection senses the voltage at VDDC. With it the integrational effect of the back-up capacitor CDDC is to take into account. Short-term drops of supply voltage VDD below the switching threshold of 7 V do not actuate the undervoltage detector. October 2000 alpha microelectronics gmbh Page 3/12 VDDC At this pin a forward voltage of the dumping diode D1 reduces the supply voltage VDD. This pin must be connected to a back-up capacitor. It is allowed to connect the power supply directly to the pin VDDC. In this case the protection against EMC and against reverse polarity of the supply voltage is cancelled. The threshold value for the detecting of the undervoltage decreases by a forward voltage. O5V The reference regulator 5 V must wired-up to a back-up capacitor. The output may be loaded with 5 mA maximally. If the output O5V is reloaded more than 1.5 mA deviations are permitted data. O12V The 12 V-voltage source is a source follower stage M1 with RDS(on)M1 of about 60 . From VDD = 0 to 14 V the output voltage shows a linear dependence on the supply voltage. The output may be loaded with 10 mA maximally. Besides you must keep the dependence of load for the voltage. If the output O12V is reloaded deviations are permitted data. OUT The closing resistors RDS(on) of the push-pull driver transistors M2 and M3 are about 45 respectively 20 . The push-pull driver transistors can drive at Ta = 25 C reloading currents of about 100 mA. Without load the maximal output voltage of the push-pull driver is identical with the voltage VO12V. The output is internal protected with a 15 V - Zener diode against external overvoltage. The resistive load must not exceed 10 mA. The current limititation of the external transistor M4, e.g. against short-circuit, must be external guarded. OVP The input OVP is internal connected by a 42 V - Zener diode and three forward diodes to the output OUT. With that it is possible to protect the external transistors M4 in the switched off condition against excess voltages by clamping the drain of this transistor to typically (44 V + VGSM4). The threshold for the protection against overvoltage is reached if a current > 70 A flows in the input OVP. In result the internal Low side driver transistor M3 switches off. After that the current loads the gate of the external transistor to VGSM4 and switches it on. At use of external transistors with a higher breakdown voltage the overvoltage protection can be modified by an external Zener diode. The function overvoltage protection is dimensioning at inductive loads. With the driving other loads limit the current in the Pin OVP if necessary. IN Input voltages > 4 V are logical high and input voltages < 2,0 V are logical Low. If the input is open (non-connected) the internal value is recognized as logical high. An internal RC filter with a delay time of 700 ns inhibits short disturbing pulses. The input IN is Low active. The internal Turn on/ off Logic separates the functions of the input: 1. Dynamic switching on The dynamic switching on condition is derived from the oscillator frequency. In the case the input signal (rectangle, sinus, triangle) should meet the following frequency condition the output of the Turn on/off Logic is set to High: Dynamic switching on condition: fIN_ON > 0.6*fOSC The turning-on delay time is a multiple of the oscillator frequency TPOSC. It has no fixed value but it depends on the phase position and is between 2*TPOSC and 6*TPOSC. The dimension has to set to 6*TPOSC (worst case). Page 4/12 alpha microelectronics gmbh October 2000 2. Dynamic switching off The dynamic turning-off condition is derived from the oscillator frequency. In the case the input signal should meet the following frequency condition the output of the Turn on/off Logic is set to Low: Dynamic switching off condition: fIN_OFF < 0.2* fOSC The turning-off delay time is a multiple of the oscillator frequency TPOSC. It has no fixed value but it depends on the phase position and is between 2*TPOSC and 6*TPOSC. The dimension has to set to 6*TPOSC (worst case). 3. Static switching off Following three static conditions at the input switch off the output OUT: Static switching off conditions: - VIN_OFF > 4 V "High" - VIN_OFF < 2 V "Low" - Input open There is no turning off delay time in case of switching off with static High, cable interrupt (input open) and short circuit to VDD The turning off delay time is a multiple of the period of the oscillator frequency in case of switching off with static Low or short-circuit to GND. It has no fixed value but it depends on the phase position and is between 2*TPOSC and 6*TPOSC. The dimension has to set to 6*TPOSC (worst case). 4. External PWM control of OUT After fulfilment the turning-on condition and the turn-on delay time a Low - level of the external PWM signal at the input corresponds to a High - level of the PWM - signal at OUT. 5. Low-Indication of state The input indicates the state in case of detecting undervoltage at VDD, undervoltage at O5V or overtemperature. During this errors the input is with low-resistance clamped to a low signal (approx. 1 V). In this state the input current has to be external limited to maximum 30 mA. During the active indication of state the supply current increases to about 5 mA. OSC The current source at the oscillator input delivers for the external capacitor COSC a reload current of 50 A respective -50 A. Resulting a triangle voltage on the pin OSC is produced. The lower switching threshold of the oscillator is about 0.8 V; the upper threshold is about 4 V. The oscillator frequency is dependent on the technological tolerance of the voltage VO5V. The triangle voltage is internal transformed into a square-wave voltage. Through frequency division by 4:1 an internal frequency of 1/4 fOSC is realized for the analysis of the external PWM signal. The operational frequency range of A1610 is between 50 - 5 000 Hz. The external capacitor may be dimension approximately by COSC [nF] = 7070 / fOSC [Hz] October 2000 alpha microelectronics gmbh Page 5/12 IRCR By external resistance RREF the reference current for the internal control currents is produced. The voltage at this pin is in relationship to an internal voltage of 1.5 V. A reference current of 50 A require a value RREF = 30 k: (IRREF = 1.5 V / 30 k:). The tolerance and the temperature coefficient of the resistance RREF are directly entered into the tolerance and the temperature coefficient the IINPT and fOSC. OD At this output the voltages of the both thermal reference diodes available for measurement and evaluation purposes. The voltage VOD has a temperature coefficient TC_VOD ~ - 4 mV/K. The output may be loaded with 50 nA maximally. INPT The internal current source at the input INPT drives a current of 50 A. The voltage at the external resistance RPT is internal compared to the voltage of the both reference diodes. The value of the resistor is used to set the chip cut-off temperature of the thermal protection infinitely variable between Tjoff = 80 to 175 C. If the input INPT is connected to GND the thermal protection is inactive. If the input INPT is open, e.g. at cable interruption, the output switches to Low (emergency cut-out). The hysteresis of the thermal protection is typical 12 K and is produced by changing of the current (50 A / 25 A) by the both Thermo-reference diodes. The external resistance for a definite chip cut-off temperature Tjoff 's calculated approximately as follows: RPT = 22 k: - 0,058 k:/K * (Tjoff - 60 C) The calculated chip cut-off temperature is (TMes = measuring temperature): Tjoff = [VOD( at TMes) - ((|IINPT (at TMes)|*RPT) + 6 mV)] / 4 mV/K + TMes The tolerance of the chip cut-off temperature is typical r 6 K. Instead of using the resistor RPT the chip cut-off temperature is adjustable by using of external Low-ohm voltage source. The Thermal Protection Circuit has a filter for gating out of short-term drops be caused by switching of the output stage. At overtemperature the Low signal at the Comparator output in the Interference Suppression will be saved in a scratch pad about 200 ns before every Low-High-Slope of the output signal. With the next L/H-Slope of the output signal this Low Signal will be latched from the scratch pad into the Latch. The scratch pad and the Latch will be getting a reset signal if the comparator output goes to High. This ensures fading down of incidental failures at the inquiry time. In the case of standby or during the Indication State the rectangular oscillator signal takes over the control of the scratch pad and the latch. Page 6/12 alpha microelectronics gmbh October 2000 Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit VDD Supply Voltage -300 80 V VDDC Block Capacitor 0 80 V VIN Input Voltage -80 80 V VDDC - VIN Difference Voltage -80 80 V IDDC Output Current VDDC -40 0 mA IOUT Output Current OUT -10 10 mA IO12V Output Current O12V -10 0 mA IO5V Output Current O5V -5 0 mA IIN Input Current at Status Undervoltage or Overtemperature 0 30 mA IOVP Input Current OVP 0 1 mA VOSC Input Voltage OSC 0 VO5V V VINPT Input Voltage INPT 0 VO5V V IOD Output Current OD -1 1 A IIRCR Input Current IRCR -100 0 A CDDC Block Capacitor VDDC depending VDD VDD = 15 V 470 nF VDD = 45V 100 nF COUT Capacitor OUT 10 nF CO12V Block Capacitor O12V 100 nF CO5V Block Capacitor O5V 220 nF Ta Ambient Temperature 150 C Tj Junction Temperature 175 C Tstg Storage Temperature Range 150 C Rthja Thermal Resistance SOP18 85 K/W -40 -55 Electrical Characteristics Operational Range Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit 8 45 V VDD Supply Voltage *) CDDC Block Capacitor VDDC 100 nF CO5V Block Capacitor O5V 100 nF fOSC Oscillator Frequency 50 5000 Hz Ta Ambient Temperature Range -40 150 C *) For VDD > 40 V an external Z-diode on Pin OVP is necessary October 2000 alpha microelectronics gmbh Page 7/12 DC Characteristics at Ta = -40C ... 150C, VDD = 15 V RREF = 30 k: 0 %, TCRREF = 0 ppm, COSC = 1.5 nF 0 %, TCCOSC = 0 ppm, CDDC = CO5V = 100 nF, IDDC = IO12V = IO5V = 0, Pin INPT to GNDA, IN, OD, OVP and OUT open ; unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter Conditions Current Consumption IDD VDD LON Min VDD = 15 V VDD = 45 V Undervoltage Lockout Typ Max Unit 1.4 2.5 mA 1.7 2.5 mA 7.7 8.0 V Turn on VDD LOFF 6.6 7.0 IO12V = -10 A IO12V = -5 mA 11.0 12.5 14.0 V 10.0 12.0 14.0 V IO5V = 0 to -1.5 mA 4.75 5.00 5,25 V 11.0 12.5 14.0 V 200 mV 11.2 14.0 V 1,0 V Undervoltage Lockout V Turn off Driver Supply Voltage VO12V Reference Voltage VO5V VDD = 8 V to 45 V VOUTH High Output Voltage IOUT = 0 mA fIN_ON > 0,6*fOSC VOUTL Low Output Voltage IOUT = 10 A VOUTH High Output Voltage IOUT = -10 mA fIN_ON > 0,6*fOSC VOUTL Low Output Voltage IOUT = 10 mA 0,2 RDS(on) Driver Drain Source M2 VO12V = 12 V 45 : On-State Resistance M3 Ta = 25 C 20 : -50 A 1320 mV IINPT Input Current INPT VINPT = 900 mV TMes = 15 ... 35 C VOD Output Voltage Diode Temperature Sensor IOD = -50 nA VIN Input Voltage at Status Undervoltage or Overtemperature IIN = 30 mA VINH Input Threshold High VINL Input Threshold Low VOVP Response Threshold 9.0 Ta = 25 C 1.0 1.8 V 3 4 V 2 2,5 IOVP = 100 A 40 44 TCRPT = 0 ppm -20 V 48 V 20 K Overvoltage Protection Tolerance Chip Cut-off Temperature **) Tjoff **) Calculated Chip Cut-off Temperature: Tjoff = [ VOD (at TMes) - ((|IINPT (at TMes)|*RPT) + 6 mV)] / 4 mV/K + TMes Page 8/12 alpha microelectronics gmbh October 2000 AC Characteristics at Ta = -40 C ... 150 C, VDD = 8 V to 45 V, RREF = 30 k: 0 %, TCRREF = 0 ppm, COSC = 1.5 nF 0 %, TCCOSC = 0 ppm; unless otherwise specified Symbol Parameter fOSC Oscillator Frequency fIN_ON Closing Condition fIN_OFF Cut-off Condition Conditions fIN: Square-Wave Signal 5 V Min Typ Max Unit 4.3 4.7 5.1 kHz Hz 0.6*fOSC 0.2*fOSC Hz ESD Protection at Ta = 25 C -5 K, CEEC 90 000 Reference Pins: 14, 18 Human body model: Pin C = 100 pF R = 1.5 k: 1 Prufspannung r 400 V 2 r 400 V 3 r 400 V 8 r 2000 V 9 r 2000 V 10 r 2000 V 11 r 2000 V 12 r 2000 V 15 r 400 V 16 r 400 V 17 r 400 V October 2000 alpha microelectronics gmbh Page 9/12 Typical Performance Curves 14 5,25 4,75 IO12V = -10 A 10 Ta = -40 - 150 C V O5V [V] V O12V [V] 12 IO5V = 0 to -1,5 mA Ta = -40 - 150 C 8 4,25 6 4 3,75 5 15 25 35 45 5 15 VDD [V] 25 35 45 100 150 VDD [V] Voltage VO5V versus Supply Voltage Voltage VO12V versus Supply Voltage 4725 4750 V O5V = 4,75 V to 5,25 V COSC = 1,5 nF V O5V = 4,75 V to 5,25 V 4725 fOSC [Hz] fOSC [Hz] Ta = 25 C 4700 COSC = 1,5 nF 4700 4675 4675 4650 5 15 25 35 45 -50 VDD [V] 0 50 Ta [C] Oscillator Frequency versus Supply Voltage Oscillator Frequency versus ambient Temperature 1400 RPT = 18 k 1300 IINPT ty p = -50 A V [mV] 1200 VOD 1100 VINPT Tof f = 129 C 1000 900 800 25 50 75 100 125 150 Ta [C] Voltage VOD and VINPT versus ambient Temperature, Demonstration of the Cut-off Temperature Page 10/12 alpha microelectronics gmbh October 2000 Package 18-pin Plastic SOP 10.37 r0.37 7.5r0.1 2.4max. 2.65max. 8 max. 0.42r0.09 1.27 0.2r0.1 0.27 >0.4 10.16 11.55r0.2 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 7.50r0.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SOP 18 October 2000 alpha microelectronics gmbh Page 11/12 Note It is not given warranty that the declared circuits, devices, facilities, components, assembly groups or treatments included herein are free from legal claims of third parties. The declared data are only a description of product. They are not guaranteed properties as defined by law. The examples are given without obligation and cannot given rise to any liability. Reprinting this data sheet - or parts of it - is only allowed with a license of the publisher. alpha microelectronics gmbh reserves the right to make changes on this specification without notice at any time. alpha microelectronics gmbh Im Technologiepark 1 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany Tel Fax Internet email ++49-335-557 1750 ++49-335-557 1759 www.alpha-microelectronics.de zinke@alpha-microelectronics.de DIN EN ISO 9001 Zertifikat 15 100 0783 1610DSHe.doc Page 12/12 alpha microelectronics gmbh October 2000